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Simple introduction to Newtonian fluids
Simple introduction to Newtonian fluidsNewtonian fluids (including lubricating oils) behave in the following way: Consider any fluid between two parallel plates of area A and separated by a distance H. One plate is held fixed whilst the other moves with velocity V. As it moves it carries the layer of ...
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How does oil work?
How does oil work?By John S. Evans, B.Sc.LUBRICATIONThe friction that exists between two bodies in relative motion involves an appreciable energy loss which needs to be minimised. This is achieved by feeding lubricants between these sliding surfaces which replace solid friction with fluid friction which ...
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How does oil work?
How does oil work?By John S. Evans, B.Sc.Friction and wearWhenever friction is overcome, the dislocation of surface material generates heat and this frictional heat can be highly destructive to metal surfaces and cause wear to take place.Additionally, when there is solid friction (as opposed to fluid ...
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How does oil work?
How does oil work?By John S. Evans, B.Sc.Causes of frictionSurfaces that appear smooth and shiny to the naked eye will show peaks and furrows when examined with a microscope or even a magnifying glass. This does not mean that the component has been poorly machined but that components manufactured to ...
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How does oil work?
How does oil work?By John S. Evans, B.Sc.Friction is a ubiquitous part of our daily lives. Walking, writing, opening doors and drawers and driving to work all involve energy being expended in order to overcome friction. Although friction is generally thought of as a negative mechanical characteristic ...
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ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 10
ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C7. Report7.1 Report the viscosity index to the nearest whole number. When the number is exactly halfway between the nearest two whole numbers, round to the nearest even number.7.2 Calculated viscosity index numbers can ...
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ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 10
ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C6. Procedure B - For Oils of Viscosity Index of 100 and Greater6.1 Calculation:6.1.1 If the kinematic viscosity of the oil at 100°C is less than or equal to 70 mm 2/s (cSt), extract the corresponding value for H from ...
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ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 10
ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C6. Procedure B - For Oils of Viscosity Index of 100 and Greater6.1 Calculation:6.1.1 If the kinematic viscosity of the oil at 100°C is less than or equal to 70 mm 2/s (cSt), extract the corresponding value for H from ...
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ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 10
ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C5. Procedure A - For Oils of Viscosity Index Up to and Including 1005.1 Calculation:5.1.1 If the kinematic viscosity of the oils at 100°C is less than or equal to 70 mm2/s (cSt), extract from Table 1 the corresponding ...
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ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 10
ASTM D2270 for calculating viscosity index from kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100°C4. Significance and Use4.1 The viscosity index is a widely used and accepted measure of the variation in kinematic viscosity due to changes in the temperature of a petroleum product between 40 and 100°C.4.2 A higher ...
