Water/Coolant Contamination - Lubricating Oil Analysis
The presence of water in engines indicates contamination from outside sources, from condensation of moisture in the atmosphere, or from internal coolant leaks. Water is typically evaporated by engines at normal operating temperatures. However, water may remain in the oil when engine temperatures are too low for evaporation to occur. Other types of equipment, when operated at sufficient temperatures, also tend to evaporate contaminating water.
Oil analysis offers an effective method of recognizing water/coolant contamination before a major problem occurs. Infrared analysis is used to determine water content in used oil. Results are reported in percent volume. The Karl Fischer method is used to measure water in systems that are sensitive to low moisture content. Karl Fischer results are reported in ppm.
Cause
Low operating temperature
Defective seals
New oil contamination
Coolant leak
Improper storage
Cracked head
Weather/moisture
Product of combustion
Oil cooler leak
Effect
Engine failure
High viscosity
Poor lubrication
Corrosion
Engine overheating
Acid formation
Weld spots
Reduced additive effectiveness
Solution
Tighten head bolts
Check head gaskets
Inspect for cracked head
Inspect heat exchanger and oil coolers
Evaluate operating conditions
Evaluate equipment use vs. design
Avoid intermittent use
Check for external water/moisture sources
Change oil filter
