IP 501 for Determination of Elements in residual Fuel Oil
IP 501 Determination of Aluminium, Silicon, Vanadium, Nickel, Iron, Sodium, Calcium, Zinc and Phosphorus in Residual Fuel Oil by Ashing, Fusion and Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry
FOREWORD
This standard is one part of that published previously as IP PM-CB. The procedure using atomic absorption spectrometry is now published as IP 470. The technique is essentially the same as that described in IP 377, with more elements being analyzed, and new precision values. The precision values for aluminium and silicon are taken from IP 377.
1 Scope
This standard specifies a procedure for the determination of aluminium, silicon, vanadium nickel, iron, sodium, calcium, zinc and phosphorus in residual fuel oils at levels detailed in the table below, by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.
Fuel oils with sulfur contents greater than 0,3 % m/m do not require an ashing aid. The precision data is based on fuel oils with sulfur contents greater than 0,3 % m/m.
Aluminium and silicon are normally found in association with each other in residual fuels, and may be specified, separately or in combination, as an estimate of catalyst fines content.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referenced applies.
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware - One-mark pipettes.
ISO 835-2, Laboratory glassware - Graduated pipettes - Part 2: Pipettes for which no waiting time is specified.
ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware - One-mark volumetric flasks.
IP 475, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling. (≡ISO 3170)
IP 476, Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling. (≡ISO 3171)
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods.
ISO 3819, Laboratory glassware - Beakers.
ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware - Graduated measuring cylinders.
IP 367, Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to method of test. (≡ISO 4259)
3 Principle
A weighed test portion, is ignited and burnt, and the residual carbon removed by heating in a muffle furnace. The residue is fused with a dilithium tetraborate/lithium fluoride flux and the fused mixture digested in a solution of tartaric acid and hydrochloric acid. After dilution with water, the solution is aspirated into the plasma of an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICPES) and the emission radiation of the resonance lines of the elements under analysis is measured, and compared to a calibration curve constructed from standard calibration solutions.
