BS EN 15751 Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends with diesel fuel - Determination of oxidation stability by accelerated oxidation method
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of the oxidation stability of fuels for diesel engines, by means of measuring the induction period of the fuel up to 48 h. The method is applicable to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) intended for the use as pure biofuel or as a blending component for diesel fuels, and to blends of FAME with diesel fuel containing 2 % (V/V) of FAME at minimum.
NOTE 1 EN 14112 describes a similar test method for oxidation stability determination of pure fatty acid methyl esters (see the Introduction to this European Standard).
NOTE 2 For induction periods higher than 48 h the precision is not covered by the precision statement of this method. The limit values of the relevant fuel standards are well within the scope of this test method.
NOTE 3 The presence of cetane improver can reduce the oxidation stability determined by this test method. Limited studies with EHN (2-ethyl hexyl nitrate) indicated, however, that the stability is reduced to an extent which is within the reproducibility of the test method.
NOTE 4 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (φ) of a material.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170)
EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 induction period
time which passes between the moment when the measurement is started and the moment when the formation of oxidation products begins to increase rapidly.
3.2 oxidation stability
induction period determined according to the procedure specified in this European Standard, expressed in hours.
4 Principle
A stream of purified air is passed through the sample which has been heated to the target temperature which is 110 °C in the usual application of the method. Volatile compounds are formed during the oxidation process. They are, passed together with the air into a flask containing demineralised or distilled water, equipped with a conductivity electrode. The electrode is connected to a measuring and recording device. It indicates the end of the induction period by rapid increase of the conductivity due to the dissociation of volatile carboxylic acids produced during the oxidation process and absorbed in the water. For more details on the background of the method, see Annex A.