ASTM D6751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
ASTM D6751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 biodiesel, n - a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, designated B100.
3.1.1.1 Discussion - Biodiesel, as defined above, is registered with the U.S. EPA as a fuel and a fuel additive under ection 211(b) of the Clean Air Act. There is, however, other usage of the term biodiesel in the marketplace. Due to its EPA registration and the widespread commercial use of the term biodiesel in the U.S. marketplace, the term biodiesel will be maintained for this specification.
3.1.1.2 Discussion - Biodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of a vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield mono-alkyl esters and glycerin, which is removed. The finished biodiesel derives approximately 10 % of its mass from the reacted alcohol. The alcohol used in the reaction may or may not come from renewable resources.
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, BXX, n - a blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel fuel.
3.1.2.1 Discussion - In the abbreviation BXX, the XX represents the volume percentage of biodiesel fuel in the blend.
3.1.3 biodiesel fuel, n - synonym for biodiesel.
3.1.4 diesel fuel, n - middle petroleum distillate fuel.
3.1.5 free glycerin, n - a measure of the amount of glycerin remaining in the fuel.
3.1.6 Grade S15 B100, n - a grade of biodiesel meeting ASTM Specification D6751 and having a sulfur specification of 15 ppm maximum.
3.1.7 Grade S500 B100, n - a grade of biodiesel meeting ASTM Specification D6751 and having a sulfur specification of 500 ppm maximum.
3.1.8 middle distillate fuel, n - kerosines and gas oils boiling between approximately 150°C and 400°C at normal atmospheric pressure and having a closed-cup flash point above 38°C.
3.1.9 total glycerin, n - the sum of the free glycerin and the glycerin portion of any unreacted or partially reacted oil or fat.
4. Requirements
4.1 The biodiesel specified shall be mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and animal fats.
4.2 Unless otherwise specified, samples for analysis shall be taken by the procedure described in Practices D4057 or D4177.
4.3 The biodiesel specified shall conform to the detailed requirements shown in Table 1.
NOTE 2 - A considerable amount of experience exists in the U.S. with a 20 % blend of biodiesel, primarily produced from soybean oil, with 80 % diesel fuel (B20). Experience with biodiesel produced from animal fat and other oils is similar. Although biodiesel (B100) can be used, blends of over 20 % biodiesel with diesel fuel (B20) should be evaluated on a case by case basis until further experience is available.
NOTE 3 - The user should consult the equipment manufacturer or owner's manual regarding the suitability of using biodiesel or biodiesel blends in a particular engine or application.
