ASTM D6201 Dynamometer Evaluation of Unleaded Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D6201 Standard Test Method for Dynamometer Evaluation of Unleaded Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel for Intake Valve Deposit Formation
8. Hazards
8.1 Specific Hazards - Personnel are exposed to various hazards while in the testing area. Take appropriate care to ensure the safety of all personnel while in the testing area.
9. Reference Fuel
9.1 Reference Base Fuel Batch Approval Process - Each new batch of IVD reference base fuel is approved by the following process:
9.1.1 Before initial blending, each of the fuel components is analyzed by the fuel supplier. A small amount of fuel mixture is then blended and analyzed using the methods described in Table 2 and in 9.2.2 and 9.2.3. The TMC, in conjunction with the ASTM IVD Dynamometer Test Surveillance Panel, determines the acceptability of the analytical data and authorizes blending of the entire batch for engine testing.
9.1.2 A sample of the IVD reference base fuel is shipped to designated independent laboratories. A program involving more than one calibration test is completed using the IVD reference base fuel and reference fuel additives selected by the TMC. The ASTM IVD Dynamometer Test Surveillance Panel is involved in the design of the program. The TMC reviews the test results and after satisfactory completion of the program, will authorize the fuel supplier to notify potential purchasers of the approval status of the IVD reference base fuel batch.
9.2 Fuel Batch Analysis:
9.2.1 Analyze each IVD reference base fuel shipment upon receipt from the supplier to determine the value of the parameters shown in Table 2. Compare the results to the values obtained by the supplier on that particular batch. The results should be within the ranges shown beside each parameter. This provides a method to determine if the fuel batch is as shipped, has been contaminated, or has aged prematurely. If any results fall outside the ranges shown in Table 2, the laboratory should contact the TMC for help in resolving the problem. These analyses track parameters easily measured at most locations and are usually successful at detecting either gross fuel contamination or significant deterioration with age, heat, oxidation, or mishandling, when compared with initial analysis values for the fuel batch. The primary sources of intake valve deposition species within a fuel are imperfectly defined, but are controlled in initial production of the fuel by the manufacturer, and verified by the user group by the process described in 9.1.2.
9.2.2 In addition, the fuel supplier shall analyze the contents of each storage tank that contains IVD reference base fuel used for qualified IVD Dynamometer Tests every two months to ensure the fuel has not deteriorated excessively or been contaminated in storage. Laboratories should take composite samples using Practice D4057 as a guideline. The fuel supplier shall provide an adequate supply of fuel sample containers with packaging and pre-addressed return labels to each dynamometer IVD laboratory. Upon receipt of fuel samples from the laboratories, the fuel supplier will perform the following analyses, report the results to the submitting laboratory, and tabulate the results in a database:
Test Method
D4953, D5190, D5191, or D5482 Vapor Pressure
D287 API Gravity
D86 Distillation
D381 Solvent Washed Gum
D381 Unwashed Gum
D525 Oxidation Stability
9.2.3 In instances where results from the physical and chemical tests listed previously appear to vary significantly from the expected results, a second sample will be analyzed or the following tests will also be conducted, or both:
C2 through C5 hydrocarbon determination by gas chromatography, Test Method D2427
Potential Gum, Test Method D873
9.2.4 Forward the results of the analyses performed in 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 to the TMC for inclusion in the appropriate data base.
9.3 Fuel Batch Shipment and Storage - Ship the fuel in containers with the minimum allowable venting as dictated by all safety and environmental regulations, especially when shipment times are anticipated to be longer than one week. Store the fuel following all applicable safety and environmental regulations.
