1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash point, by tag manual and automated closed testers, of liquids with a viscosity below 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 40°C (104°F), or below 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 25°C (77°F), and a flash point below 93°C (200°F).
1.1.1 For the closed-cup flash point of liquids with the following properties: a viscosity of 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) or more at 40°C (104°F); a viscosity of 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) or more at 25°C (77°F); a flash point of 93°C (200°F) or higher; a tendency to form a surface film under test conditions; or containing suspended solids, Test Method D 93 can be used.
1.1.2 For cut-back asphalts refer to Test Methods D 1310 and D 3143.
NOTE 1 - The U.S. Department of Transportation (RSTA)2 and U.S. Department of Labor (OSHA) have established that liquids with a flash point under 37.8°C (100°F) are flammable as determined by this test method for those liquids that have a viscosity less than 5.5 mm2/s (cSt) at 40°C (104°F) or 9.5 mm2/s (cSt) or less at 25°C (77°F), or do not contain suspended solids or do not have a tendency to form a surface film while under test. Other flash point classifications have been established by these departments for liquids using this test method.
1.2 This test method can be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and cannot be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method can be used as elements of fire risk assessment that takes into account all of the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.3 Related standards are Test Methods D 93, D 1310, 3828, D 3278, and D 3941.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 8.2, 8.3, 9.5, 12.5, and refer to Material Safety Data Sheets.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D 1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point of Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
D 3143 Test Method for Flash Point of Cutback Asphalt with Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
D 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
D 3941 Test Method for Flash Point by the Equilibrium Method with a Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling for Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
D 6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
E 1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E 502 Test Method for Selection and Use of ASTM Standards for the Determination of Flash Point of Chemicals by Closed Cup Methods
2.2 Federal Test Method Standards
Method 1101, Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b
Method 4291, Federal Test Method Standard No. 141A
2.3 ISO Standards
Guide 34 General Requirements for the Competence of Reference Material Producers
Guide 35 Certification of Reference Materials - General and Statistical Principles
