ASTM D4985 Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to at least -36.4°C (-33.5°F), and boiling to at least 108°C (226°F).

NOTE 1 - This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients. A separate specification exists (Specification D6210) for heavy-duty engine coolants which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed used coolant or reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.

1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initial charge of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and require regular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protection in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems, particularly those ofthe wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier's recommended instructions.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water
D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
D1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of Engine Coolants
D1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine Coolants
D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Coolants and Antirusts
D1122 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Engine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants By The Hydrometer
D1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concentrate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method
D1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
D1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants
D1287 Test Method for pH ofEngine Coolants andAntirusts
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware
D1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware
D1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System Chemical Solutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Vehicles
D2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants
D2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With Engine Coolants
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
D3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine Coolants
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography
D4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
D5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant for Chloride and Other Anions by Ion Chromatography
D5931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Engine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Coolants by Digital Density Meter
D6129 Test Method for Silicon in Engine Coolant Concentrates by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D6130 Test Method for Determination of Silicon and Other Elements in Engine Coolant by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
D6210 Specification for Fully-Formulated Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines
D6660 Test Method for Freezing Point ofAqueous Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolants by Automatic Phase Transition Method
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E394 Test Method for Iron in Trace Quantities Using the 1,10-Phenanthroline Method
E1177 Specification for Engine Coolant Grade Glycol

2.2 Other Document:
Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 103 - 105°C

3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 heavy duty engine - a diesel, gasoline, or similarly fueled internal combustion engine, having operating characteristics ofa long duty cycle at or near maximum rated conditions. Such engines are typically used in off-highway machinery for agriculture, mining, earth-moving, and construction; Class 5 to 8 over the road trucks and buses; high output stationary engine installations; and locomotive and marine installations. (See Specification D3306 for coolant requirements for automobiles, vans, and pickup class trucks.)

3.1.2 supplemental coolant additive (SCA) - a material added to the cooling system of a heavy-duty engine to provide additional cavitation protection and corrosion inhibition and to minimize deposits on heat transfer surfaces.

3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 other glycols, n - in ethylene glycol base engine coolant, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and 1,3-propanediol.

3.2.2 For definitions of other terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology D4725.