ASTM D4870 Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels
6. Apparatus
6.1 Filtration Apparatus, constructed of brass, with copper steam coils attached, suitably supported above a vacuum flask appropriately protected against the effects of implosion. See Figs. 1 and 2.
6.2 Temperature Measuring Device, capable of measuring the temperature in the range from 95 to 105°C with an accuracy of 0.5°C.
6.3 Oven, electric, capable of maintaining a temperature of 110 more or less 1°C. The oven should be capable of safely evaporating the solvent without risk of fire.
6.4 Stirring Rod, glass or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) approximately 150 mm in length and 3 mm in diameter.
6.5 Beaker, glass, 30 mL capacity, either squat form with lip or conical.
6.6 Weighing Bottles, with ground glass stoppers, numbered, 80 mm diameter by 40 mm.
6.7 Hotplate, electric.
6.8 Steam Generator, to provide steam at 100 more or less 1°C.
6.9 Vacuum Source, capable of providing the specified vacuum.
6.10 Vacuum Gauge, capable of measuring the specified vacuum.
6.11 Filter Medium, Whatman glass fiber filter medium, Grade GF/A, 47 mm diameter.
6.12 High Speed Mixer, any convenient type, minimum speed 400 rpm.
6.13 Desiccator.
6.14 Cooling Vessel, a desiccator or other type of tightly covered vessel for cooling the filter media before weighing. The use of a drying agent is not recommended.
6.15 Syringe or Graduated Wash Bottle, minimum capacity 25 mL, graduated in 0.5 mL increments.
6.16 Forceps, spade-ended.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Reagents - Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Normal Heptane, minimum 99.75 % purity. (Warning - Flammable, vapor harmful if inhaled. See A1.1.)
7.3 Toluene, at least reagent grade purity. (Warning - Flammable, vapor harmful. See A1.2.)
7.4 Wash Solvent, consisting of 85 volume % n-heptane (7.2) and 15 volume % toluene (see 7.3).
8. Sampling
8.1 Sample in accordance with Practice D4057 or Practice D4177.
