ASTM D3934 for flash/no flash test-equilibrium method by a closed-cup apparatus
11. Report
11.1 Report the following:
11.1.1 Whether the product did, or did not, flash at the specified flash point, and
11.1.2 The cup used.
12. Precision and Bias
12.1 Precision:
12.1.1 While the precision of this test method has not been determined, the precision of a similar definitive test described in Test Method D3941 can be used as an indication of the precision of Test Method D3934. This test method also can be compared to results in the flash, no-flash procedures in Test Methods D3278 and D3828 that are equilibrium methods.
12.1.2 The precision of flash point determinations is improved by the use of equilibrium methods. While vapors in this method will reach an equilibrium at some temperature between that of the liquid and that of the cooler apparatus cover, the temperature of the liquid under conditions of Test Method D3934 will more closely approach true equilibrium between the liquid under test and the vapor–air mixture above it than in other methods run at finite heating rates.
12.2 Bias:
12.2.1 The procedure in this test method has no bias because the value of whether the material did or did not flash can be defined only in terms of a test method.
13. Keywords
13.1 closed cup; flash/no flash; flash point; Pensky-Martens; Tag
