ASTM D3278 test method for flash point of liquids
ASTM D3278 standard test methods for flash point of liquids by small scale closed-cup apparatus
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 By means of a syringe, 2 mL of the sample is introduced through a leakproof entry port into the tightly closed small scale closed-cup apparatus or directly into the cup that has been brought to the required test temperature. As a flash/no flash test, the expected flash point temperature may be a specification or other operating requirement. After 1 min, a test flame is applied inside the cup and note is taken whether or not the test specimen flashes. A fresh specimen must be used if a repeat test is necessary.
4.2 For a finite flash point measurement, the temperature is sequentially increased through the anticipated range, the test flame being applied at 5°C (9°F) intervals until a flash is observed. A true determination is then made using a fresh specimen, starting the test at the temperature of the last interval before the flash point of the material and making tests at increasing 0.5°C (1°F) intervals.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Flash point is one of the properties used to define the flammability of a liquid. It is used to classify liquids according to their flammability by governmental regulatory agencies. It may also be used to determine the presence of impurities or contaminants in a given liquid, such as the presence of residual solvents in solvent-refined drying oils. See Test Methods D56 and D93 for alternate flash point testing.
