ASTM D243 standard test method for residue of specified penetration
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The material to be tested is rapidly heated to 249°C (480°F) and maintained at 249° to 260°C (480° to 500°F) during evaporation of the volatiles. Penetration of the residue is determined and if not within the specified limits, the evaporation procedure is repeated. Change in sample mass is used to calculate the percentage of residue having the specified penetration.

4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is used to determine the percentage of residue having a specified penetration at 100 g/5 s at 25°C (77°F). This test method provides a residue for quality control or for use in other tests as desired.