ASTM D2276 for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
6. Apparatus
6.1 Analytical Balance, single- or double-pan, the precision standard deviation of which must be 0.07 mg or better.
6.2 Oven, of the static type (without fan-assisted air circulation), controllable to 90 ± 5°C.
6.3 Petri Dishes, approximately 125 mm in diameter with removable glass supports for membrane filters.
6.4 Forceps, flat-bladed with unserrated, non-pointed tips.
6.5 Vacuum System.
6.6 Test Membrane Filters, plain, 37-mm diameter, nominal pore size 0.8 µm (see Note 1).
6.7 Control Membrane Filters, 37-mm diameter, nominal pore size 0.8 µm. (Gridded control membrane filters may be used for purpose of identification.)
NOTE 1 - Matched weight membrane filters, 37-mm diameter, nominal pore size 0.8 µm, may be used as test and control membrane filters if so desired. Use of matched-weight membrane filters precludes the necessity for carrying out subsequently the procedures detailed in Section 8.
6.8 Dispenser for Flushing Fluid, 0.45-µm membrane filters to be provided in the delivery line (see Fig. 1).
6.9 Field Monitors, complete with protective plugs and 34-mm support pads.
6.10 Air Ionizer, for the balance case (see Note 2 and Note 3).
NOTE 2 - When using a solid-pan balance, the air ionizer may be omitted provided that, when weighing a membrane filter, it is placed on the pan so that no part protrudes over the edge of the pan.
NOTE 3 - Air ionizers should be replaced within 1 year of manufacture.
6.11 Multimeter/VOM, used for determining whether electrical continuity is 10 Ω or less between 2 points.
6.12 Flushing Apparatus, of the type shown in Fig. 2. It consists of a receiving flask large enough to contain the flushing fluid and shall be equipped with a side arm to connect to the vacuum system. Reagent resistant tubing shall be arranged to allow passage of a grounding wire. An assembly of reagent grade resistant tubing and bung fitted with a glass tube shall be assembled as shown in Fig. 2 to attach to a field monitor.
6.13 Ground/Bond Wire, Nos. 10 through 19, (0.912 to 2.59 mm) bare stranded flexible stainless steel or copper installed in the flask and grounded as shown in Fig. 2.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents - Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of Water - Unless otherwise indicated references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by Type III of Specification D1193.
7.3 Isopropyl Alcohol, reagent grade. (Warning - Flammable. See A1.1.)
7.4 Liquid Detergent, water-soluble.
7.5 Flushing Fluids:
7.5.1 Petroleum Spirit (also known as petroleum ether or IP Petroleum Spirit 40/60) ( Warning - Extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Vapors are easily ignited by electrostatic discharges, causing flash fire. See A1.2.), having boiling range from 35 to 60°C.
