ASTM D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products
ASTM D1319 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrocarbon types over the concentration ranges from 5 to 99 volume % aromatics, 0.3 to 55 volume % olefins, and 1 to 95 volume % saturates in petroleum fractions that distill below 315°C. This test method may apply to concentrations outside these ranges, but the precision has not been determined. Samples containing dark-colored components that interfere in reading the chromatographic bands cannot be analyzed.
NOTE 1 - The scope of this test method today is NOT to depentanize to reflect current practice. Results obtained from the analysis of samples containing significant levels of C5 and lighter hydrocarbons might be less accurate. The potential bias is not certain and may not be consistent. Prior versions of Test Method D1319 have specified depentanization when samples contain any of the following: C3 or lighter hydrocarbons, more than 5 % C4 hydrocarbons, or more than 10 % C4 and C5 hydrocarbons. The results of this are still unclear and certainly controversial. In such a case, depentanization was done according to Test Method D2001 followed by subsequent analysis of the depentanized sample by Test Method D1319. A correction to the depentanized sample results was then required to place them on an as-received basis by using such method as Test Method D2427 which determined the amounts of C5 minus hydrocarbons in the undepentanized sample.
1.2 This test method is intended for use with full boiling range products. Cooperative data have established that the precision statement does not apply to narrow boiling petroleum fractions near the 315°C limit. Such samples are not eluted properly, and results are erratic.
1.3 The applicability of this test method to products derived from fossil fuels other than petroleum, such as coal, shale, or tar sands, has not been determined, and the precision statement may or may not apply to such products.
1.4 The precision statement for this test method has been determined with unleaded fuels that do not contain oxygenated blending components. It may or may not apply to automotive gasolines containing lead antiknock mixtures or oxygenated gasoline blending components, or both.
1.5 The oxygenated blending components, methanol, ethanol, methyl-tert-butylether (MTBE), tert-amylmethylether (TAME), and ethyl-tert-butylether (ETBE), do not interfere with the determination of hydrocarbon types at concentrations normally found in commercial blends. These oxygenated components are not detected since they elute with the alcohol desorbent. Other oxygenated compounds shall be individually verified. When samples containing oxygenated blending components are analyzed, correct the results to a total-sample basis.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
NOTE 2 - For the determination of olefins below 0.3 volume %, other test methods are available, such as Test Method D2710.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7, 8.1, and 10.5.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D2001 Test Method for Depentanization of Gasoline and Naphthas
D2427 Test Method for Determination of C2 through C5 Hydrocarbons in Gasolines by Gas Chromatography
D2710 Test Method for Bromine Index of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Electrometric Titration
D3663 Test Method for Surface Area of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 aromatics - the volume % of monocyclic and polycyclic aromatics, plus aromatic olefins, some dienes, compounds containing sulfur and nitrogen, or higher boiling oxygenated compounds (excluding those listed in 1.5).
3.1.2 olefins - the volume % of alkenes, plus cycloalkenes, and some dienes.
3.1.3 saturates - the volume % of alkanes, plus cycloalkanes.
